A patient requires an IV infusion of 0.9%w/v Nacl. In your hosp pharmacy dept you have H2O for injections, BP and 4.5%w/v NaCl solution, BP. Assuming no vol displacement effects, which of the following vol of 4.5%w/v NaCl sol, BP need to be added aseptically to an expandable PVC infusion bag containing 100ml H2O for Inj, BP to produce the requisite NaCl con.
So the patient needs 100ml of 0.9% NaCl, you have 4.5% in stock. This basically means you have 4.5g in 100ml and you need 0.9g in 100ml. So how much of the original solution do you need to get 0.9g? This is simple proportion ie 0.9/4.5 x 100 = 20ml, i.e. 20ml of the solution contains 0.9g which you can add to the expandable bag.
Drug E is available as a 5%w/v solution. Fiona, who weighs 6.25kg, is to be given drug E at a dose of 6mg/kg twice daily for 5 days. What volume of this solution of drug E should Fiona be given daily.
So if Fiona weighs 6.25kg she will need 6.25 x 6 = 37.5mg. She needs two of these doses daily i.e. she needs 75mg per day. How much of a 5% solution do you need? Well a 5% solution contains 5g in 100ml or 5,000mg in 100ml, so proportionally 75/5000 x 100 is 1.5ml.
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